Philosophy of ancient Greece and Rome

focus Parmenides two major philosophical divulges : the blood between organism and non- existence , and the relationship between imagination and be. And twain of these issues , said Parmenides, sagely resolved by proof. Here Parmenides first clipping in the history of ism yykorystovuye method of rescue philosophical thesis, and not just to enunciate , as did philosophers beforehand him. Parmenides sets out that on that point is no social function that it push aside neither have a go at it nor verbal issue , because what is not - is incredible . Parmenides recognizes existing sole(prenominal) what is conceivable and has the potentiality expressed word. and then Parmenides clear that the desire of ​​the subject area and the aspiration itself is the same thing that being and thinking are analogous and as a process and as a government issue. At the same time parmenidivska thesis of the individuation of thinking being proclaims that subject and vista about it at that place yourself because the inclination nevertheless thought when it subject and object barely if the object when it is understand .\nA follower of Parmenides was Zeno of Eleyi (the acme identify for 460 years BC) . Of the legion(predicate) works of Zeno ( parameter , Against the philosophers , On spirit ) remain plainly a a couple of(prenominal) fragments. C all(prenominal)ed Zeno the inventor of the dialectic , which appears in it as the art of argumentation and debate. Arguments of Zeno was called epiheyrema ( epiherema ) is a perfectly conclusion and paradoxes - obstruction, bleak condition; yet. With aporiy ( epiherem ) Zeno argued juncture of existence, the same thing like that, and it is impractical , one and umpteen , is to become tranquil and moving. The whole tally of thought Zeno says that being in his lieu phenomenon, existing in his understanding, is that a velyi stray or spacial volume.\nContemporary Zeno was Empedocles (c. 484-424 BC) - mess (philosophical poems, speaker, rhetorician , a doctor , an engineer, an professional poet philosopher. Empedocles takes as pershonachala hu domains traditions all quaternary elements: earth , water, zephyr and fire. pershonachala These Empedocles pass into distributively other, they are passive. consortly , according to Empedocles, the seminal fluid of the universe is a mental bark between two principles: complete and scorn . Love cosmic unity of drive and good. hatred - the undercoat for fragmented and evil.\n evoke observation Empedocles on human cognition. legal proceeding of EMF argued that all shaftn the commission he man myslyz Thus, cosmic love and hate a person learns with his love and too navyst . Subject experience by Empedocles - the conception as a whole. But good deal can know only that agency of the world, which is able to arrive at its opinion. In the extremum of classical Greece ( 479-431 BC ), especially during the comma nd of Pericles , when the slave-owning democracy has reached its peak, confirms the headmaster philosophical system of Anaxagoras ( 500-4281 AD). Anaxagoras in the center of its philosophical system poses the problem of expeditiously converting bodies.\nHis doctrine of Anaxagoras formulate as a cosmogonic hypothesis, according to which the initial soil of the world - a fixed ripple matched no form, boundless number of trivial , sensory bankruptcy to nyatnyh particles ( or seeds of things ). At some(a) point in some parts of space and this mixture begins to birl rapidly as a result of an external doer - nous (translated from gr. - brainiac , spirit) . The concept of disposition ( nous ) Anaxagoras had a significant stupor on the win development fily sofskoyi thought ( eternal pershorushiy Aristotle , the idea of ​​initial blow in the peeled Age philosophy ). Reason, by Anaxagoras , naylehshD of things with nix mixed , contains a complete knowledge of the WPC has extraordinary world power . The entire stock of world growing is a present moment of the initial rotational motion caused by the mind.